Does Orange Essential Oil Have Vitamin C

Does Orange Essential Oil Have Vitamin C

A few months ago I wrote an article called, "21 Scariest #oilybaby and #oilybabies Hashtag Shares on Instagram." Number 20 on the list was a video with a caption that read that as part of her daily routine the mom put "2 drops of Orange on [her son's] belly for a vitamin C boost." As I was asking for references while I was writing the article, Leslie Moldenauer of Life Holistically offered to dig even deeper to bring you the article below.

Take it away, Leslie!
Emily Carpenter (Marvy Moms)

There is no shortage of information found online regarding the therapeutic benefits of essential oils. The issue comes in when we need to decipher the validity of what we find. There are many things that have scientific proof, and others that do not. One such thing that does not have scientific proof is the presence of nutrients in essential oils, specifically vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid).  In order to answer the question of, "Is there Vitamin C in Orange Essential Oil?" we need to talk about the chemistry of essential oils as well as that of vitamin C.

Solubility

There are vast differences between essential oils and vitamins in regards to their solubility. Essential oils are not soluble in water. Essential oils are lipophilic (fat loving), also called non-polar substances (but they are not actually fats). In contrast, Vitamin C is a water-soluble vitamin and is hydrophilic (water loving), also called a polar substance.  As a general rule, polar substances will dissolve in polar solvents and non-polar substances will dissolve in non-polar solvents. This confirms the fact that water and oil do not mix.

Want to know more? https://blog.udemy.com/polar-vs-non-polar/

Essential Oils and Volatility

Next let's talk about essential oils and volatility. All essential oils are volatile. What does this mean? Volatility refers to the ease with which a substance will evaporate, or at which rate a liquid will turn into a vapor. Certain essential oils, such as the chemical family of monoterpenes, have smaller molecules. Monoterpenes have 10 carbon atoms (found in cypress, sweet orange, and lemon) and will evaporate quicker than sesquiterpenes which have much larger molecules and 15 carbon atoms (found in patchouli, sandalwood, and vetiver). With only 6 carbon atoms, Vitamin C is a relatively small molecule in comparison to that of both monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes. Vitamin C is a polar molecule and is very volatile, making it soluble in water and completely insoluble in non-polar solvents such as essential oils. It is important to note that essential oils do not require heat to evaporate. Although essential oils can evaporate at room temperature, higher temperatures will result in accelerated evaporation.

The most common method for extracting essential oils from a plant is using heat in a process called steam distillation: the steam of boiled water passes through plant material and is then cooled to collect the essential oil. This process is typically performed at temperatures less than 100° C/212° F, as a temperature hotter than this will increase volatility. Vitamin C degrades at 70° C, which is lower than that of the steam distillation process (Researchgate), and therefore will not be extracted with the essential oil. Most, if not all, of the vitamin C content will either be destroyed or left in the water through the steam distillation process.

More on steam distillation: https://www.naha.org/explore-aromatherapy/about-aromatherapy/how-are-essential-oils-extracted/

Herbs Vs. Essential Oils

I have seen discussions on social media where the benefits of herbs are assumed to be the same as essential oils. We cannot make that assumption. One example of this is with the herb fennel. Fennel can be consumed as a tea to stimulate breast milk in nursing mothers. Fennel essential oil, on the other hand, does not increase milk production and is actually contraindicated for nursing mothers. Another example is with the herb cilantro. Cilantro the herb may be helpful in chelating heavy metals from the body, however, the essential oil does not have this capability. Plants in their whole form contain various nutrients, vitamins, and minerals which are destroyed or left behind in the distillation process.

Chemist Dr. Pappas briefly touches on the myth of what an essential oil contains. https://www.facebook.com/notes/essential-oil-university/essential-oil-myth-9/10152645247478083

Molecular Weights

The next important point is that of molecular weights of essential oils versus vitamins. Molecular weights vary based on the actual size of the molecule. These weights are measured by g/mol (molar mass). Essential oils have a relatively low amu, with the class of monoterpenes being the lowest, and sesquiterpenols being amongst the highest (A range of 100-300, approximately). Vitamin C has a molecular weight of 176.12 (PubChem). There "may" be a very minute amount of vitamin C in an expressed essential oil (Different method of extraction than steam distilled), but not enough to be significant to our daily requirement for health.

Real Life Application

The daily RDA for vitamin C is as shown in the chart below:

Table 1: Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) for Vitamin C [8]

Age	Male	Female	Pregnancy	Lactation
0–6 months	40 mg*	40 mg*
7–12 months	50 mg*	50 mg*
1–3 years	15 mg	15 mg
4–8 years	25 mg	25 mg
9–13 years	45 mg	45 mg
14–18 years	75 mg	65 mg	80 mg	115 mg
19+ years	90 mg	75 mg	85 mg	120 mg
Smokers	Individuals who smoke require 35 mg/day more vitamin C than nonsmokers.
* Adequate Intake (AI) Reference: National Institutes of Health

Taking this into consideration it is easy to see that utilizing essential oils in hopes of getting your RDA of vitamin C, or even a fraction of that value, is fruitless. The best source of Vitamin C is from food. Real citrus fruits are your best bet, as are strawberries, leafy greens, and broccoli. Do not rely on essential oils to obtain nutrients. Doing so is a waste of time and money.

What's your favorite way to get Vitamin C into your body?

References

Klazema, A (2014) Polar vs Non-Polar Molecules: What You Need To Know. Retrieved from the udemy blog website:
https://blog.udemy.com/polar-vs-non-polar/

How Are Essential Oils Extracted. Retrieved from the National Association for Holistic Aromatherapy website: https://www.naha.org/explore-aromatherapy/about-aromatherapy/how-are-essential-oils-extracted/

Rahmawati, S., Bundjali, B. Kinetics of the Oxidation of Vitamin C. Retrieved from the ResearchGate website: http://www.researchgate.net/publication/228484005_KINETICS_OF_THE_OXIDATION_OF_VITAMIN_C

Pappas, R. (2014) Essential Oil Myth #9. Retrieved from the Essential Oil University Facebook page: https://www.facebook.com/notes/essential-oil-university/essential-oil-myth-9/10152645247478083

Ascorbic Acid. Retrieved from the PubChem website: http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/ascorbic_acid#section=Top

Vitamin C- Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. Retrieved from the National Institute of Health website: https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/VitaminC-HealthProfessional/

Bowles, E. (2003) The Chemistry of Aromatherapeutic Oils (3rd Ed) Allen & Unwin: Crows Nest, Australia

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About Leslie Moldenauer

Leslie Moldenauer has completed her aromatherapy training through the American College of Healthcare Sciences, where she is earning a degree in Complementary and Alternative Medicine. Leslie serves as ambassador to her school and was recently chosen as a featured student. She has recently begun contributing to the Tisserand Institute blog as well as the blog for her school. She is an essential oil safety advocate and holistic health blogger at Life Holistically and on her Facebook page. When not studying or writing she spends her time cooking, practicing yoga and meditation, and is a graphic designer.

Does Orange Essential Oil Have Vitamin C

Source: https://marvymoms.com/essential-oils-contain-nutrients/